Parametric identification of a functional-structural tree growth model and application to beech trees (Fagus sylvatica)

Functional-structural models provide detailed representations of tree growth and their application to forestry seems full of prospects. However, due to the complexity of tree architecture, parametric identification of such models remains a critical issue. We present the GreenLab approach for modeling tree growth. It simulates tree plasticity in response to changes of their internal level of trophic competition, especially regarding topological development and cambial growth. The model includes a simplified representation of tree architecture, based on a species-specific description of branching patterns. We study whether those simplifications allow enough flexibility to reproduce with the same set of parameters the growth of two observed understorey Beech trees (Fagus sylvatica, L.) of different ages and in different environmental conditions. The parametric identification of the model is global, i.e. all parameters are estimated simultaneously, potentially providing a better description of interactions between subprocesses. As a result, the source-sink dynamics throughout tree development is retrieved. Simulated and measured trees were compared for their trunk profiles (fresh masses and dimensions of every growth units, ring diameters at different heights) and for the compartment masses of their order 2 branches. Possible improvements of this method by including topological criteria are discussed.